Installing a Natural Gas Line for Your Fire Pit: A Step-by-Step Guide

Adding a natural gas fire pit to your outdoor space can enhance ambiance and provide warmth during cooler months. However, installing a gas line for the fire pit requires careful planning, adherence to safety codes, and proper execution. This guide walks you through the steps necessary to install a natural gas line safely and efficiently.

1. Planning and Preparation

Before starting any installation, consider the following:

Check Local Codes and Permits

• Contact your local municipal office to inquire about gas line installation codes and regulations.

• Obtain the necessary permits to ensure compliance with local laws and safety standards.

• Hire a licensed plumber or gas professional if required by your local jurisdiction.

Determine the Gas Demand

• Calculate the BTU (British Thermal Unit) requirements of your fire pit.

• Ensure your existing gas supply can handle the additional load. Understanding BTU's : What they are and how they affect gas burning fire pits.

• Select the correct pipe size based on the length of the run and BTU requirements.

• Refer to this gas flow chart to determine the correct pipe size and distance.

Choose the Right Pipe Material

• Black Iron Pipe – Durable and commonly used for gas lines.

• Corrugated Stainless Steel Tubing (CSST) – Flexible and easier to install.

• Polyethylene (PE) Gas Pipe – Suitable for underground installations.

Map the Route

• Plan the shortest, safest route from the gas source to the fire pit.

• Avoid obstacles such as electrical lines, water pipes, and tree roots.

• Ensure compliance with depth requirements for underground piping.

2. Gathering Necessary Tools and Materials

You will need the following materials and tools:

• Natural gas pipe (black iron, CSST, or PE pipe)

• Pipe fittings (elbows, tees, couplings, shut-off valves)

• Gas-rated Teflon tape or pipe dope

• Pipe wrench and adjustable wrench

• Pipe cutter or hacksaw

• Trenching tools (shovel, trench digger for underground installation)

• Gas leak detector solution or soapy water

• Pressure gauge for testing

3. Shutting Off the Gas Supply

Before any work begins, ensure safety by turning off the gas supply at the main valve. This prevents accidental leaks and hazards during installation.

4. Running the Gas Line

Above-Ground Installation (Using Black Iron or CSST Pipes)

1. Measure and Cut the Pipe

   • Use a pipe cutter or hacksaw to cut pipes to the required length.

   • Smooth out rough edges using a metal file.

2. Assemble the Pipe Sections

   • Apply gas-rated Teflon tape or pipe dope to the threads.

   • Connect the pipes using appropriate fittings and tighten them securely with a pipe wrench.

3. Install the Shut-Off Valve

   • A shut-off valve should be installed near the fire pit for safety and maintenance.

4. Secure the Pipe

   • Use pipe brackets to secure the pipe along walls or beneath decking to prevent movement.

Underground Installation (Using PE Pipe)

1. Dig a Trench

   • Dig a trench at least 12-24 inches deep, following local code requirements.

   • Maintain a safe distance from other utility lines.

2. Lay the Pipe

   • Use PE pipe rated for natural gas.

   • Ensure the pipe is free of damage before placing it in the trench.

   • Add a tracer wire alongside the pipe for future location purposes.

3. Connect to the Fire Pit and Gas Source

   • Use compression fittings or transition fittings to connect the PE pipe to the fire pit and gas supply.

   • Ensure all connections are tight and secure.

4. Backfill the Trench

   • Once the connections are complete, carefully backfill the trench, ensuring no sharp objects can damage the pipe.

   • Compact the soil to prevent future settling.

5. Pressure Testing the Gas Line

Before turning the gas supply back on, test the system for leaks:

• Attach a pressure gauge to the line and pressurize it with air (typically to 10-15 psi, or as per local code).

• Let it sit for at least 24 hours to ensure there are no pressure drops.

• If pressure drops, check for leaks using a gas leak detector solution or soapy water at all connections.

• Fix any leaks before proceeding.

6. Connecting to the Fire Pit

1. Install a Gas Valve and Key

   • A key-operated valve allows safe control of the gas flow to the fire pit.

2. Attach a Flexible Gas Line

   • Use a flexible gas hose to connect the fire pit burner to the gas supply.

3. Secure and Position the Fire Pit

   • Ensure the fire pit is stable and positioned on a non-combustible surface.

7. Turning On the Gas and Final Testing

1. Slowly Turn On the Gas Supply

   • Open the main gas valve gradually to allow gas to flow.

2. Check for Leaks

   • Use a gas leak detector solution or soapy water to check all joints and connections.

   • If bubbles form, there is a leak—tighten the connection and retest.

3. Ignite the Fire Pit

   • Light the fire pit according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

   • Observe the flame for proper combustion and stability.

8. Safety Precautions and Maintenance

• Regular Inspections – Check for leaks, corrosion, and proper function.

• Keep the Area Clear – Ensure combustible materials are not near the fire pit.

• Install a Carbon Monoxide Detector – If the fire pit is in a covered area, a CO detector is crucial for safety.

• Shut Off Gas When Not in Use – Always turn off the gas supply when the fire pit is not in use.

Installing a natural gas line for a fire pit can be a rewarding project that enhances your outdoor space. By following proper procedures, adhering to local codes, and prioritizing safety, you can enjoy a safe and efficient fire feature for years to come. If you are unsure about any step, consult a licensed professional to ensure compliance and safety.